Definition and Examples of Creoles

In linguistics, a creole is a type of  natural  language that developed historically from a pidgin and came into existence at a fairly precise point in time.  English creoles are spoken by  some of the people in  Jamaica, Sierra Leone, Cameroon, and  parts of Georgia and South Carolina. The historical  transition from a pidgin to a creole is called creolization.  Decreolization is the process by  which a creole language gradually becomes more like the standard language of a region (or the acrolect). The language that provides a creole with most of its vocabulary is called the lexifier language. For example, the lexifier language of Gullah (also called  Sea Island Creole English) is English.   Examples and Observations of Creole Creolization-  A pidgin is the combination of two or more languages which sometimes occurs in trade contact, multi-ethnic or refugee situations, where participants need a functioning common language. . . . Sometimes the pidgin becomes stable and established and comes to be spoken as a mother-tongue by children: the language has then become a creole, which quickly develops in complexity and is used in all functional settings. The process of turning a pidgin into a creole is called ​creolization.(Robert Lawrence Trask and Peter Stockwell, Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts. Routledge, 2007)-   A creole has a jargon or a pidgin in its ancestry; it is spoken natively by an entire speech community, often one whose ancestors were displaced geographically so that their ties with their original language and sociocultural identity were partly broken. Such social conditions were often the result of slavery.(John A. Holm, An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles. Cambridge Univ ersity Press, 2000)Similar Features of CreolesLinguists have been struck by the similarities between widely separated creoles. These include such features as SVO word order, pre-verbal negation, lack of a formal passive voice, questions with the same forms as statements, and copula deletion. Some linguists argue that such similarities are evidence of an innate language faculty or bioprogram—that in conditions of impoverished linguistic input, children will nevertheless develop a fully fledged syntax based on universal grammar.(Michael Pearce, The Routledge Dictionary of English Language Studies. Routledge, 2007)Gullah-  The English variety spoken by descendants of Africans on the coast of South Carolina is known as Gullah and has been identified as a creole. Of all the vernaculars associated with African Americans, it is the one that diverges the most from (White) middle-class varieties in North America.(S.S. Mufwene, North American Varieties of English as Byproducts of Pop ulation Contacts, in The Workings of Language, ed. by R. S. Wheeler. Greenwood, 1999)- On possible to get straight wood from crooked timber.(A Gullah  proverb,  from  The Gullah People and Their African Heritage, 2005)- The Gullah lexicon is  largely English. From his research conducted in the late 1930s, Lorenzo Turner was the first linguist to document over 4000 Africanisms in the Gullah lexicon,  many of them used as basket names (e.g. Gullah nicknames). Today you can still hear in normal everyday conversations such African retentions as  buckra white man, tita elder sister, dada mother or elder sister, nyam eat/meat, sa quickly, benne sesame, una you, and da the verb to be.  Other Gullah Africanisms such as  cooter turtle, tote to carry, okra plant food, gumbo stew, and goober peanut are widely used in mainstream American English.(Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, ed. by  Keith Brown and Sarah Ogilvie.  Elsevier, 2009Disagreements Over the Creol e Roots of Black English in the U.S.[A]s for various arguments that Black English displays African or creole roots because of the role that aspect plays in its grammar (e.g., DeBose and Faraclas 1993), the issue is in fact not yet sufficiently examined to stand as an accepted fact. For one, tense plays a much more central role in Black English grammar than in Creoles or the West African languages of the Upper Guinea region, underlyingly marking the past and future as obligatorily as any Indo-European grammar (cf. also Winford 1998: 116). Second, typical of Creolist Hypothesis advocates generally insufficient attention to English dialects, the aspect arguments do not address the role that aspect in nonstandard British dialects may have played. This gap in argumentation alone renders the linkage of Black English aspect to Africa and creoles seriously incomplete, which is all the more significant given that there is indeed evidence that nonstandard British dialects are more aspect-focu sed than standard English (Trugdill and Chambers 1991).(John H. McWhorter, Defining Creoles. Oxford University  Press, 2005) Pronunciation: KREE-ol

Communicating With Customers A Blueprint For Service...

Communicating with Customers: A Blueprint for Service Excellence! Course Objectives The steps we will outline in this course are designed to provide a blueprint of sorts to achieve service excellence in any business. Although written for customer service representatives, this course will benefit anyone who serves customers of any type. We will review the most common causes of customer dissatisfaction and provide you with specific solutions to provide the best possible service to your most valuable business asset: your customers! This course is a must for anyone who wants to increase customer satisfaction, loyalty, referrals and the bottom line! After working with this course, you will be able to answer the following questions and more: †¢ What is customer service? †¢ Who are our customers? †¢ What is active listening? †¢ How do we communicate effectively with customers? †¢ How do we solve customer [service] [satisfaction] problems? †¢ What are the characteristics of an excellent customer-service provider? Section One: Customer Service Section One Objectives: †¢ Define the term customer service. †¢ Understand why delivering customer service is a challenge for 21st century organizations. †¢ Identify both our internal customers and external customers. †¢ Evaluate why customer loyalty is important to any organization. T he relationship between a business and its customers  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is there anything more important to the success of a business than that? 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Should Yahoo have been forced to turn over Justin Ellsworth’s email to his Parents Free Essays

In this essay, I will attempt to analyze the utilitarian and deontological considerations of the issue of should Yahoo had been forced to turn over Justin Ellsworth’s emails to his parents. Individual privacy is most valuable right that people possesses especially; during our time of advance technology. It is among the essential values on which our country was founded. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Yahoo have been forced to turn over Justin Ellsworth’s email to his Parents? or any similar topic only for you Order Now As with all rights, there are limitations. Technology advancement has added more challenges to individual privacy. Email privacy is an issue that affects a growing number of people. To fully appreciate the lack of privacy and security of our email messages, it is important to understand the issues and threat that exist† (Inforweblink). Many argue that a person email account contains as much as information as a person bank account if not more and it should be treated as such. If we should treat our email accounts as our bank accounts then is it right for the courts to force companies to hand over information to third parties? Utilitarian consideration is described as the â€Å"greatest good for the greatest number of people† (Bentham). To determine who would gain the most from the emails, we must identify the parties involve. The parties involved are Yahoo (the email service provider), Justin and Justin’s parents. With all email account, the user must sign a user agreement. In most agreement, privacy is the number one topic covered. Yahoo user agreement states, â€Å"You agree that your Yahoo! account is non-transferable and any rights to your Yahoo! ID or contents within your account terminate upon your death. † The statement was created to protect the privacy of all including the decease. Yahoo risked losing the trust of its users if they willingly gave up Justin’s email to his parents. According to Yahoo Information Sharing and Disclosure section of the user agreement, â€Å"Yahoo does not rent, sell, or share personal information about you with other people or nonaffiliated companies except to provide products or services you’ve requested, when we have your permission. † Therefore, if Justin wanting to share his information with his parents, then he would have gave them access to his account. â€Å"i should get going oh by the way i am saveing all of the e-mails that i get from everyon. â€Å"They really brighten my day i love you and i will talk to you soon! † LOVEYOUALL LOTS!!! JUSTIN These are some of the emails that Justin sent to his father, John Ellsworth. John will hold these words close to his heart. John pleaded with Yahoo to release the email to his family to fulfill the family wishes of â€Å"reading, seeing, and knowing the young man’s last words, pictures and thoughts from the front lines of Iraq. † â€Å"I want to be able to remember him in his words. I know he thought he was doing what he needed to do. I want to have that for the future,† John said. â€Å"It’s the last thing I have of my son. † Where should we put the most emphasis, Justin’s family memory or protecting the privacy of others? Justin’s account not only contains emails to his parents but to other also. If Yahoo had giving up the emails willingly to Justin’s parents, they would be violating the Justin privacy and those who he was corresponding with. After examining each party involved it clearly shows that Yahoo would gain the most of the email because the privacy of all is just as important as one. Deontological considerations access a person rights and duty associated with that right. Yahoo and Justin entered into a contract once Justin agreed to the terms and condition set forth by Yahoo in its user agreement therefore creating a contractual right. â€Å"Yahoo! has a contractual obligation to Justin and all e-mail subscribers to protect their confidentiality and privacy — dead or alive (Jennifer Chamber/ the Detroit News). † When Yahoo declined Justin’s parent’s access to his account they were fulfilling their obligation that they had with Justin. Many were quick to judge Yahoo without fully examining the situation. Frank McNelis, a former Air Force officer said, â€Å"Yahoo! could make an exception if it wanted to in this case†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I think it’s outrageous,† he said. Justin had a part in the contractual agreement also. Yahoo Terms of Service agreement states, â€Å"You are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of the password and account†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Once Justin accepted those terms, he was obligated to carry out his role in the TOS. The TOS might have played a part in Justin not giving his parents access to his account or maybe he just wanted his privacy. Looking at the deontological aspect of this situation, Yahoo was right to decline the family assess to Justin Ellsworth’s email account. Decided who was right in the case, brought up some challenges that had to be worked through in order to make the correct moral decision. Morally it was wrong of the court to force Yahoo to give up Justin’s emails to his parents. Yahoo is bound to protect their user privacy. The contractual right that Yahoo shared with Justin enabled them to make the moral decision. How to cite Should Yahoo have been forced to turn over Justin Ellsworth’s email to his Parents?, Papers

Marijuana vs Alcohol free essay sample

They were both icons of unforgettable eras: one, the glamorous nineteen twenties; the other, the revolutionary seventies. In the twenties, alcohol was sipped cautiously behind the walls of speakeasies; glasses clinking under the flashing lights of entertainment signs. The hippies of the sixties and seventies passed pipes of burning marijuana, promoting peace while protesting for the rights of millions of Americans. No doubt, both drugs have had a major influence on the country, both have had their â€Å"glory† days. After a time of prohibition, the once thought sinful substance of alcohol was re-legalized. Marijuana, on the other hand, remains illegal in the country of the United States. But through increasing medical knowledge, more is known about these drugs today than ever before. It’s knowledge that points to shocking conclusions. Based on the differences between the two drugs’ toxic levels, consequences of long term use, their association with violence and reckless behavior, and their benefits, could it be possible that we have the wrong drug illegalized? For most people, the reason they choose to use alcohol or marijuana is because of the intoxication they bring. When compared to marijuana, alcohol has a far greater level of intoxication, which can easily lead to overdoses. In 2001 alone there were 331 reported cases of alcohol overdose deaths in the United States. Using just ten times the amount required to get the desired effect, what some may call a buzz, can lead to alcohol poisoning. So if a college boy goes out to the bars and decides to take shots with his buddies, and he knows (being an experienced college drinker) that it takes him two shots to start feeling nice, taking just 20 shots could reserve him a spot on a table at the morgue instead of on his best friend’s futon. On the other hand, it is physically impossible to overdose on marijuana. For the same college boy to die from an overdose of marijuana he would have to hypothetically smoke thousands of times the regular dosage amount. And thankfully for the college student, the risk of that happening is non-existent; there has never been a death from a marijuana overdose in recorded history. So while it is very possible to die from having a few too many drinks, smoking marijuana seems to be far less toxic of a substance (Foland). Not only are the toxic levels of alcohol much greater than those of marijuana, but the consequences of drinking long-term are far more damaging as well. Next to smoking tobacco and being overweight, drinking alcohol is the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Not including all the accidents and homicides that are attributed to the use of alcohol, the number of people that suffered alcohol induced deaths was 20,687 in 2003 alone (Foland). Those who choose to drink face the risk of many different health conditions, including some cancers, liver cirrhosis, liver disease, and heart diseasenot to mention the risk of physical dependency (â€Å"Alcohol vs. Marijuana†). The effects on the brain are just as detrimental. In contrast to the old myth that drinking alcohol kills brain cells, recent studies have shown that instead it prevents new cells from being made. This process of making new cells, called neurogenesis, was found to be decreased by over fifty percent in abusers of alcohol. Marijuana seems to have the opposite effect. The same study showed that the use of marijuana actually increased neurogenesis, thus increasing the making of new brain cells (Wenk). Recent studies have also shown that, unlike alcohol, marijuana does not seem to cause any types of cancer. Yet, it is still not a completely safe drug, for it may cause damage to the airways of the smoker. But, like the lack of marijuana overdose cases, there are no recorded deaths where marijuana use was the cause (Foland. ) Unfortunately, because alcohol is legal, and marijuana isn’t, some people are lead to believe that slamming down four glasses of whiskey a night is not going to hurt them, which is undoubtedly false. While the effects of long term alcohol use are clear when it comes to one’s health, it is often times even more clear as to how much it affects the personal safety of others. Violence and alcohol seem to go hand in hand; they’ve always appeared to be the best of friends. Who hasn’t witnessed a bar fight in their lives? Some guy standing five feet nine inches tall gains what many describe as â€Å"drunken muscles†, and belligerently decides to fight the guy across the room who slightly resembles Hulk Hogan. This is not an uncommon occurrence, because alcohol is known to increase the likelihood of violence. Domestic violence is also shown to increase when the abuser is drinking. In fact, alcohol is a factor in two out of every three violent incidents that occur between spouses and significant others. If an abusive husband comes home from work and pops open a Bud Light, his wife’s chances of getting abused that night are eleven times more likely than if he’d opened a can of Pepsi. It is unquestionable that alcohol is a direct cause of violence. In contrast, marijuana is rarely associated with violence and has been shown to actually reduce the likelihood of it occurring (Foland). Even some of those who fight to keep the drug off the streets agree that marijuana and violence are not related. A former police chief by the name of Norm Stamper shares: â€Å"Over the past four years I’ve asked police officers throughout the U. S. two questions. When’s the last time you had to fight someone under the influence of marijuana? (I’m talking marijuana only, not pot plus a six-pack or a fifth of tequila. ) My colleagues pause, they reflect. Their eyes widen as they realize that in their five or fifteen or thirty years on the job they have never had to fight a marijuana user. I then ask: When’s the last time you had to fight a drunk? They look at their watches† (Stamper). This is a case where general stereotypes actually support the evidence. The hippies of the seventies promoted peace, not violence, while on the other hand, the image of a drunk and the scene of a bar fight are one and the same. And often after the man with a little too much drunken courage loses miserably in the fight he instigated, he decides to stagger to his car with visions of his soft pillow and a bottle of aspirin dancing in his head. It’s definitely not news anymore that drinking often leads to reckless behavior such as drunk driving. A person who has been drinking all of a sudden thinks he’s become Superman and nothing can affect him, not even the twelve shots he just downed at the bar. This failure to notice one’s impaired condition is what often leads to people making the choice to get behind the wheel, and it’s what leads to an average of 14,000 deaths every year. A typical drunk driver seems to forget the dangers that are present on the road, and consequently decides to speed and drive in a reckless manner. While driving while under the influence of marijuana isn’t safe either, those who did so in a testing environment were shown to be far more aware of their impaired motor skills, and compensated by driving well below the speed limit (Stamper). In general, the using of marijuana does not seem to increase risk taking behavior in the same way that drinking does, meaning that a person who knows while sober that it’s a bad idea to drive under the influence, will still know so after they have smoked. While the use of both alcohol and marijuana have gained negative reputations for their effects, including those on one’s decision making, that isn’t to say that the two substances don’t have any benefits. In extreme moderation, both substances can be quite beneficial to the user. Studies have shown that a glass of red wine (not a bottle) can help promote heart health. Drinking in moderation not only helps to decrease the risk of heart attacks, but also strokes and Type 2 Diabetes (Doheny). There’s also a long list of health benefits of marijuana, when used for medical purposes. It’s been known to slow down tumor growth in patients suffering from lung, breast, and brain cancer, as well as having enormous effects on patients with glaucoma. The muscle spasms and neurological damage caused by multiple sclerosis is also effectively treated with the use of medical marijuana. Those who suffer from ADD or ADHD are sometimes prescribed marijuana as a better alternative to the drug Ritalin, because it has been known to have negative side effects (Derysh). In excess, of course, no drug use is healthy, but in moderation both marijuana and alcohol have benefits that can lead to better health. Unless prescribed by a doctor, refraining from drugs altogether is of course the best option when it comes to avoiding health problems, addictions, violence, and bad decision making. Yet, as the evidence shows, it’s shocking to see that while alcohol is legal and its use is socially accepted nationwide, the consequences of doing so are considerably worse than those of marijuana. Some even believe marijuana to be perfectly safe. So, while both substances infamous days will always be simultaneously glorified and criticized, which drug was really worse for the American drug culture? Culture is an extremely influential concept, and it’s no surprise that substance use (or abuse) occurs often in the United States, especially in today’s youth. And as the next generation of parents, the question we may be faced with is, if we have to choose, before our children grow up, would we rather have them drink up or toke up? What are we going to tell them when they ask for the truth?

major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. Essay Example

major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 1. Identify the major strategic and ethical issues faced by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel. Colgate deliberated and made a decision to make acquisition of fifty percent of Hawley and Hazel as a means of gaining entry into the Asian market without the requirements of setting up or building a manufacturing plant. The primary strategic issues which were at hand included the need to increase growth, increase sales activities and subsequent profits. Ethical issues were also present in the acquisition such as was with the promotion of the brand label â€Å"Darkie† in a foreign market. In addition, the entity was also involved in the use of Al Johnson as a means of promoting the brand label â€Å"Darkie† that resulted in legal repercussions for entities in the acquisition, which were namely Colgate, Hawley and Hazel. Hawley and Hazel developed the product in the 1920’s. The product was named Darkie and was considered as racist and offensive to all people of colour. The association of Colgate with the two entities resulted in a backlash form the North American community. This necessitated the development of new strategies by Colgate, which would ensure that the entity would be able to make amends for the damages caused in terms of its relations with the consumers. To make repairs to the damages caused, the entity was forced to propose changes in the name various proposed names such as Dakkie, Darlie, Darbie, or Hawley and the development of a new packaged product. 2. What do you think Colgate should have done to handle the situation? Colgate was unaware of the implications of the relationship with the named entities. It should have been aware of the implications of the product and the marketing campaign used from the onset of the relationship with the partner entity. The entity should have acted quickly to adjust the product name and the marketing campaign used to promote the product. The entity should have initially conducted a study as to the implications, positive and negative, in terms of its involvement with the two entities. In addition, it should have related the products sold and their performance in the North American market to provide an understanding of the 3. Is it possible for Colgate and Hawley and Hazel to change the toothpaste’s advertising without sacrificing consumer brand loyalty? Is that a possible reason for Colgate’s not responding quickly to domestic complaints? The existent promotional mix, which was used, should have been adjusted alongside the advertising to provide a positive reflection of the brand. The sales promotion activities, the advertising activities, public relations and the personal selling efforts should have been exercised with an aim of recapturing the market share and growth in the future. The use of a proactive strategy would have provided the entity with the ability to manage the issue. Such issues should have been evaluated and anticipated by the management with an aim of ensuring that the needs of the consumers were respected. 4. in the end, was a â€Å"no management rights† clause good for Colgate? What could have happened during the negotiations process to get around this problem? The use of the â€Å"no management rights clause† was inappropriate for the organisation. The entity should have maintained rights of management of the brand. This would have provided Colgate with an opportunity to use such as a means of managing the sales and marketing process and strategies used for the product brands. The acquisition should have prompted Colgate to acquire the management rights given that; it had attained a 50% ownership of the entity. This translates to granting the entity exclusive rights in decision-making processes of the merger organisation. The entity should have ensured that it was to acquire management rights due to its acquisition of the larger controlling part of the organisation, in comparison to the other entity, that could be termed as minor partner in the merger. In addition, the entity, Colgate should have ensured that the two entities actualised their corporate social responsibilities and operated with provided levels of standards of ethical and moral conduct in the market. This would have ensured that there was absence of such incidences, which were primarily viewed as racist by consumers.

Identification of Macromolecules- Lab Report Essays

Identification of Macromolecules- Lab Report Essays Identification of Macromolecules- Lab Report Paper Identification of Macromolecules- Lab Report Paper I no color change I I Red light blue Proteins are the basis of the protoplasm (fluid living content of the cell that contains the cytoplasm and cell nucleus) and are found in all living organisms. Proteins make up the bulk of animals bodys non-skeletal structure. As enzymes, they catalyst biochemical reactions; as antibodies, they prevent the effects of invading organisms; and as hormones, they control metabolic processes (C. Bassoonists, 2011). The Beirut test was used to detect the presence of peptide bonds within proteins, and they were found present in test tube #9 (control for peptide bonds). Reducing sugars are inconsiderate that have equilibrium with the straight-chain and cyclic form, which the sugar engages in an oxidation- reduction reaction with Cue+ (C. Bassoonists, 2011). Through this test, one is able to determine that the unknown solution #128 is a non-reducing sugar because the results show that the test turned out positive, and reducing sugars cause The iodine test is used to identify glycogen and starch. Negative tests to occur. These polysaccharides combine with iodine to form either a blue/black color for the presence of starch) or a red/brown color (for the presence of glycogen) (Chemo, 2003). Polysaccharides are a formation of macroeconomicss linked together. The simplest polysaccharides contain two sugars and are given the name disaccharide. Starch is a storage polysaccharide in plants where as glycogen is a highly branched storage polysaccharide in animals. Both play a part in providing energy. The glucose produced in plants are stored in the form of starch and then released when energy is needed. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles of animals, and is released when energy is needed with the help of enzymes breaking down the glycogen (J. Sharp, 2011 Starch was present in test tube #8 (control for starch) and glycogen was present in test tube #7 (control for glycogen). The results that one obtains from this experiment closely match the results of other groups when compared during lab. This experiment gave an understanding of the different types of color change reaction that occurred when each solution reacted with the testing solutions. Also, with the aid of the results from the sample solutions, one is able to compare and determine what the unknown solution was as well.

Read the requirement carefully Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Read the requirement carefully - Essay Example They are also used to determine the effect competition has on certain goods. Effects of these forces can be interpreted well especially in a perfect market. A perfect market is a market that is governed by certain conditions. They are: there are no restrictions to entering the market; information about the market is readily available; there is no party in the market that has any powers to set prices and technology is equally accessed by all participants in the market, (Mankiw, 2011). The demand of a commodity is the quantity of a good or service a consumer is willing and ahs the ability to buy. The law of demand stipulates that, when there are no other factors at play, the higher the price of a good or service, the lower the demand for that good or services. For example, if the price of milk increases then the demand for milk will fall. Diagram 1.a is a simple illustration of a demand curve Diagram 1.a However, there is an exception with velben and giffen goods, (Arnold, 2008). A vel ben good is a type of commodity whose demand rises with the increase of its price. Normally giffen goods are considered commodities of position. They include jewelry, expensive cars among others. Giffen good is a commodity whose demand increases irrespective of the change in price. ... The responsiveness of the demand of goods and services to these factors is referred to as elasticity of demand. The percentage change of the quantity demanded for a particular good is referred to as price elasticity of demand. it is derived from the formulae . Diagram 1.c illustrates price elasticity of milk. Diagram 1.c An increase in the price of milk from p1 to p2 will result in a slight decrease in the quantity demanded from q1 to q2. This is because products like milk experience inelastic price elasticity. This is because the milk is a necessity good which experiences this type of elasticity, (Mankiw, 2011). Cross price elasticity of demand is the difference in the amount demanded for a good in percentage as a result of a percentage change in the price of other goods. It is derived from the formula, (Hall and Lieberman, 2007). In this case there are different types of curves to show the responsiveness of the amount demanded as a result of changes in price of other goods. Diagram 1.d shows the cross elasticity of complementary goods. These are goods that are used together. For example, milk and bread are complementary goods. If the price of bread drops from p1 to p2 then we expect the demand of milk to increase from p1 to p2. Diagram 1.d Diagram 1.e shows the cross elasticity of independent for independent goods. These are goods whose use is independent of each other, for example, milk and electronics are independent. Hence a change in the price of electronics from p2 to p1 will result in no change in the price of milk. It will remain at q1.. Diagram 1.e Income elasticity of demand is the percentage change demand of a certain commodity as a result in changes in income of the consumer. It is derived from the formula .Since milk is a